Varicose vein treatment · Mexico

Endovenous laser for varicose veins: an option without open surgery

A minimally invasive treatment that closes the diseased vein from the inside, under local anesthesia and ultrasound guidance. International medical guidelines (NICE, ESVS) consider it the first choice when the patient is a candidate.

  • Local anesthesia
  • Ultrasound-guided
  • Outpatient
  • Backed by ESVS and NICE guidelines

Reviewed by clinicaobesidadenvejecimiento.com · Last review:

Leg ultrasound assessment before endovenous laser treatment
✓First choice in NICE and ESVS guidelines
In short

Endovenous laser is a treatment for varicose veins caused by a malfunctioning saphenous vein. A laser fiber inserted into the vein under ultrasound guidance heats and closes it, and blood is rerouted through healthy veins. It is performed under local anesthesia, usually without a hospital stay, and most patients return to their activities within a few days. Whether it is indicated always depends on a medical assessment with Doppler ultrasound.

Quick facts
Who it is for
Saphenous reflux confirmed by Doppler ultrasound (IMSS)
Duration
Depends on the number of veins; defined in the assessment (NICE)
Anesthesia
Local tumescent, ultrasound-guided (NICE)
Recovery
Walking the same day; faster recovery than surgery (CLASS trial)
Results
Closure of the diseased vein; first choice in guidelines for candidates (NICE)
Background

What varicose veins are and why they appear

Varicose veins are dilated veins that appear when the valves in the leg veins stop closing properly and blood flows backwards.

The IMSS Clinical Practice Guideline defines chronic venous insufficiency as a condition in which blood from the legs does not return properly to the heart because of changes in the vein walls and valves. Varicose veins are its most visible sign. In Latin America, a review in the Revista Mexicana de Angiología estimates a prevalence of about 20%.

Common symptoms

  • Heavy, tired legs
  • Pain that worsens in the afternoon
  • Night cramps and itching
  • Swelling that improves with rest

Risk factors

Age, family history, standing for long periods, obesity, pregnancy and a sedentary lifestyle. It is more common in women (IMSS).

Procedure

How endovenous laser works

It is classified as endovenous thermal ablation, the same family as radiofrequency.

Assessment

Duplex Doppler ultrasound and CEAP classification to confirm reflux and choose the technique.

Local anesthesia

Tumescent anesthesia is applied around the vein under ultrasound guidance.

Vein closure

The laser fiber heats the vein wall from the inside and seals it.

Follow-up

A control ultrasound confirms closure and rules out thrombosis.

Candidates

Who is it for?

It is indicated for people with saphenous reflux confirmed by Doppler ultrasound and symptoms or skin changes; some conditions need special assessment.

Usually a candidate

  • Great or small saphenous reflux confirmed by Doppler
  • Heaviness, pain, swelling or cramps
  • Skin changes or venous ulcers
  • People looking for an option without open surgery

Requires special assessment

  • Active deep vein thrombosis
  • Pregnancy
  • Significant arterial disease in the legs
  • Very tortuous veins or unsuitable diameter

The IMSS guideline recommends duplex Doppler ultrasound for accurate candidate selection and states that these procedures should be performed in qualified units by trained surgeons.

Scientific evidence

What the studies say

These are the key data from published studies and guidelines on this treatment, with their source.

1st choice

The NICE guideline ranks thermal ablation (laser or radiofrequency) ahead of foam and surgery.

NICE CG168 · ESVS 2022
158 legs

Mexican study, 2023: mild complications in about 20% and no cases of deep vein thrombosis or embolism.

Revista Mexicana de Angiología, 2023
0% pain

At 30 days in a Mexican study of 80 patients comparing laser and radiofrequency, with similar results.

Revista Mexicana de Angiología, 2021

Risks according to studies

EffectApproximate frequencySource
Bruising and discomfort along the veinCommon and temporaryDermatologic Surgery, 2009
Tingling or numbness (paresthesia)2.5% to 7.3% (small studies); 6.3% in the Mexican study2022 review · Rev Mex Angiol 2023
Deep venous thrombotic eventsAbout 1.7% (52 studies, over 16,000 patients)Healy et al., 2018
Pulmonary embolismAbout 0.1%Healy et al., 2018
Comparison

Endovenous laser compared with other options

Guidelines rank thermal ablation, such as endovenous laser, as the first choice; foam, surgery and stockings are kept for other cases.

OptionPlace in guidelinesFor whom
Thermal ablation (laser or radiofrequency)First choiceSaphenous reflux suitable on Doppler
Ultrasound-guided foam sclerotherapyAlternativeWhen ablation is not suitable
Traditional surgery (stripping)Third choiceWhen the above are not suitable
Compression stockingsOnly if no treatment is possibleRelieve symptoms, do not correct reflux

Based on NICE CG168 and ESVS 2022. Earlier versions of the Cochrane review concluded that laser, radiofrequency and foam are at least as effective as surgery.

Recovery

What to expect afterwards

Recovery is usually quick: patients walk the same day and most return to their activities within a few days.

  • Same dayPatients walk out; bandage or compression stocking as medically indicated.
  • First daysMild discomfort and bruising; walking is encouraged and long periods of sitting should be avoided.
  • First weeksControl ultrasound to confirm vein closure.
  • Following weeksVisible varicose veins shrink; some branches may need complementary treatment.

Seek care immediately for severe pain or sudden leg swelling, shortness of breath or chest pain.

Prevention

How to look after your veins

Venous relief measures recommended by the IMSS guideline:

  • Regular physical activity, especially walking and swimming
  • Calf exercises when sitting for more than 5 hours
  • Avoiding constipation
  • Consulting a doctor before starting hormone therapy
Myth and fact

What is myth and what is fact?

“Laser removes varicose veins forever.”

It closes the diseased vein, but venous disease is chronic and new varicose veins may appear (NICE CG168).

“It is the same as traditional surgery.”

It avoids removing the vein and is usually done under local anesthesia; in the CLASS trial recovery was faster.

“Stockings cure varicose veins.”

They relieve symptoms but do not correct reflux; NICE reserves them for people who cannot receive treatment.

“It has no risks at all.”

It has uncommon risks, such as thrombosis or paresthesia, documented in systematic reviews.

Frequently asked questions

Questions about endovenous laser

Does endovenous laser hurt?

It is performed under local anesthesia. Mild discomfort along the vein for a few days afterwards is common.

Do I need to stay in hospital?

Usually not. It is an outpatient procedure and the patient walks out.

What tests are needed beforehand?

A venous Doppler ultrasound. The IMSS guideline also recommends classifying the disease with the CEAP scale.

When can I return to my activities?

Many patients do so within a few days; the exact time is set by the doctor for each case.

Can varicose veins come back?

Yes. Venous disease is chronic, so regular follow-up is recommended.

Is laser or radiofrequency better?

Both are thermal ablations and guidelines rank them as the first choice. A 2021 Mexican study found no significant differences at 7 and 30 days.

Is it performed in Mexico?

Yes. Mexican specialists have published their experience in the Revista Mexicana de Angiología, with favorable short-term safety results.

Are your varicose veins bothering you?

The first step is a medical assessment with Doppler ultrasound to find out whether endovenous laser is the right option.

Book an assessment on WhatsApp

Río Ródano 510, Cuauhtémoc, 06500 Mexico City · +52 55 3522 3243

Sources

  1. Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social. Clinical Practice Guideline: Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Venous Insufficiency (IMSS-175-09). Quick reference guide
  2. Kettenhofen-Jiménez SE, et al. Endovenous laser ablation for venous insufficiency: short-term complications. Rev Mex Angiol. 2023;51(3). SciELO Mexico
  3. Lozano-Balderas G, et al. Radiofrequency vs. 1470 nm laser endovenous ablation for chronic venous disease. Rev Mex Angiol. 2021;49(4). SciELO Mexico
  4. Revista Mexicana de Angiología. Chronic venous disease, 2018. Medigraphic
  5. De Maeseneer MG, et al. ESVS 2022 Clinical Practice Guidelines on the Management of Chronic Venous Disease of the Lower Limbs. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 2022;63(2):184-267. Summary
  6. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Varicose veins: diagnosis and management (CG168). NICE
  7. Brittenden J, et al. A randomized trial comparing treatments for varicose veins (CLASS). N Engl J Med. 2014;371:1218-27. NIHR summary
  8. Whing J, et al. Interventions for great saphenous vein incompetence. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2021. Cochrane
  9. Healy DA, et al. Thrombotic events following endovenous thermal ablation of the great saphenous vein: systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 2018;56(3):410-424. PubMed
  10. Endovenous laser ablation using laser systems emitting at wavelengths over 1900 nm: a systematic review. 2022. PubMed
  11. Endovenous laser ablation-induced complications: review of the literature and new cases. Dermatol Surg. 2009. PubMed